Lectures 14 and 15 and 16 : Epidemiology
NOTE: Part of this lecture was given using the chalkboard only. If you were absent, make sure to get the notes from a classmate.
1. What is a surrogate measure, as defined by Dr. Avorn?
2. Do you agree with the use of surrogate measures as drug testing endpoints? why or why not?
After this lecture, you should be able to answer the following:
1. What is an epidemic? What do we mean by the term "endemic rate?"
2. What did Winslow say about epidemiology?
3. What do we mean by the term "notifiable disease?" Give some examples of these types of diseases.
4. What did Dr. John Snow do in response to the cholera epidemic that struck London in the mid 1800s? What was his hypothesis? What were the results of his study?
5. What is "shoe-leather" epidemiology? What is epidemiological surveillance? Illustrate these concepts by using the example of Hepatitis A.
6. What is Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome? What was it caused by? What is Legionnaire's Disease? What causes Legionnaire's Disease? How were these health threats originially identified? What were the Public Health responses?
7. How can epidemiology be used to study chronic disease? What was the Framingham Heart Study? What did this study discover with respect to heart disease? In other words, what were the risk factors uncovered by the study that contribute to heart disease?
8. How did epidemiology link cigarette smoking to lung cancer? What was the Doll and Hill study? Explain its design and its major conclusions. What was the Hammond and Horn study? How did its design differ from the Doll and Hill study? Compare the conclusions of the two studies. Based on these results would you want someone very close to you to become a habitual smoker? why or why not?
9. What has epidemiology uncovered so far concerning risk factors for Alzheimer's disease?
It's kind of amazing that despite all of the recent technological advances, we really know very little about this disease. Wouldn't it be nice to know more about it so it can possibly be prevented?
10. What is relative risk? What does it tell us in comparison studies?
11. What is radiography? what can it be used for?
12. Make sure you read the assigned readings carefully and answer all the homework questions.
1. What is a surrogate measure, as defined by Dr. Avorn?
2. Do you agree with the use of surrogate measures as drug testing endpoints? why or why not?
After this lecture, you should be able to answer the following:
1. What is an epidemic? What do we mean by the term "endemic rate?"
2. What did Winslow say about epidemiology?
3. What do we mean by the term "notifiable disease?" Give some examples of these types of diseases.
4. What did Dr. John Snow do in response to the cholera epidemic that struck London in the mid 1800s? What was his hypothesis? What were the results of his study?
5. What is "shoe-leather" epidemiology? What is epidemiological surveillance? Illustrate these concepts by using the example of Hepatitis A.
6. What is Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome? What was it caused by? What is Legionnaire's Disease? What causes Legionnaire's Disease? How were these health threats originially identified? What were the Public Health responses?
7. How can epidemiology be used to study chronic disease? What was the Framingham Heart Study? What did this study discover with respect to heart disease? In other words, what were the risk factors uncovered by the study that contribute to heart disease?
8. How did epidemiology link cigarette smoking to lung cancer? What was the Doll and Hill study? Explain its design and its major conclusions. What was the Hammond and Horn study? How did its design differ from the Doll and Hill study? Compare the conclusions of the two studies. Based on these results would you want someone very close to you to become a habitual smoker? why or why not?
9. What has epidemiology uncovered so far concerning risk factors for Alzheimer's disease?
It's kind of amazing that despite all of the recent technological advances, we really know very little about this disease. Wouldn't it be nice to know more about it so it can possibly be prevented?
10. What is relative risk? What does it tell us in comparison studies?
11. What is radiography? what can it be used for?
12. Make sure you read the assigned readings carefully and answer all the homework questions.
posted by Blase Billack, Ph.D. | 4:45 AM
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